This is the command to force a SSH password between a client and server, you may have passwordless connection set up with SSH keys but want to check that a password is correct.
ssh -o PreferredAuthentications=password -o PubkeyAuthentication=no user@1.2.3.4
Swap out user@1.2.3.4 with your connection details.
Once logged in, if you want to change the password use…
passwd root